Themes:
Listening
| African American Clients |
Latino Clients |
Non-Latino White Clients |
| Listen to who the client really is; recognize that clients are experts on themselves. |
Listen in a way that communicates “paying attention.” |
Listen so that the client is comfortable enough to talk and express feelings. |
Themes:
Understanding
| African American Clients |
Latino Clients |
Non-Latino White Clients |
| Understand beyond immediate impressions; understand hidden aspects of the client. |
Understand feelings of client. |
Understand complexity of client choices and circumstances. |
Themes:
Counselor Qualities
| African American Clients |
Latino Clients |
Non-Latino White Clients |
| Counselor should “lower” self to client’s level; egalitarian relationship. |
Be authoritative, but connect first, then offer concrete advice and solutions. |
Not judge because of social distance; maintain professional distance but be human. |
Themes:
Spending Time
| African American Clients |
Latino Clients |
Non-Latino White Clients |
| Not listed as factor |
Take time to connect deeply. |
Allow time for feelings to emerge at their own pace. |