Phases of Minority Development Model:
Stage 1—Conformity
Attitude Toward Self Attitude Toward Others of the Same Group Attitude Toward Others of a Different Marginalized Group Attitude Toward Dominant Group
Self-depreciating or neutral due to low race salience Group-depreciating or neutral due to low race salience Discriminatory or neutral Group-appreciating
Phases of Minority Development Model:
Stage 2—Dissonance
Attitude Toward Self Attitude Toward Others of the Same Group Attitude Toward Others of a Different Marginalized Group Attitude Toward Dominant Group
Conflict between self-depreciating and group-appreciating Conflict between group-depreciating views of minority hierarchy and feelings of shared experience Conflict between dominant-held and group-depreciating Conflict between group-appreciating and group-depreciating
Phases of Minority Development Model:
Stage 3—Resistance and Immersion
Attitude Toward Self Attitude Toward Others of the Same Group Attitude Toward Others of a Different Marginalized Group Attitude Toward Dominant Group
Self-appreciating Group-appreciating experiences and feelings of culturocentrism Conflict between feelings of empathy for other minority Group-depreciating
Phases of Minority Development Model:
Stage 4—Introspection
Attitude Toward Self Attitude Toward Others of the Same Group Attitude Toward Others of a Different Marginalized Group Attitude Toward Dominant Group
Concern with basis of self-appreciation Concern with nature of unequivocal appreciation Concern with ethnocentric basis for judging others Concern with the basis of group-depreciation
Phases of Minority Development Model:
Stage 5—Integrative Awareness
Attitude Toward Self Attitude Toward Others of the Same Group Attitude Toward Others of a Different Marginalized Group Attitude Toward Dominant Group
Self-appreciating Group-appreciating Group-appreciating Selective appreciation