20-mm  diameter steel rod         A=314.16 mm2         E=200 GPa    α=12.0×10-6/C

The figure shows a rod attached to rigid walls on the left and right. The rod is screwed into the wall and bolted firmly on the right. A 15 millimeters diameter bolt connects the rod to a rigid wall on the left.

After the temperature of the assembly has decreased by 32.8 C, a tension force of F=24,740 N is induced in the steel rod. This force, in turn, pulls on the 15-mm diameter bolt, creating a shear stress of 70 MPa in the bolt.

Finished