Diagram shows a shaft with brass segment A B of length 1800 millimeters which is connected to aluminum segment B C of length 800 millimeter using a flange at B and a torque T of 50 Newton meter is applied on C. The x axis is taken along the axis of the cylinders and the y axis is taken along the rigid support at A and perpendicular to the x axis.

The angle of twist ϕ of a torsion member is given by the torque-twist relationship:

ϕ=TLJG

where T= internal torque,
L= member length,
J= polar moment of inertia, and
G= shear modulus.

This formula applies only to torsion members where T, J, and G are constant.